Thucydides (3.61â67) says the Plataeans were the only Boeotians who did not "medize." On the one hand Otanes urged that they should resign the government into the hands ⦠How Alexander prevented
reprisals for this: he bribed the Persian general who was investigating the
disappearance (21). Megabazus continues into Thrace,
conquering all (2). Darius agrees, and a large force is dispatched to
Miletus, with Megabates (later the father-in-law of Pausanias) in charge (32). Megabazus sends officers to demand surrender of
Amyntas, king of Macedonia; he agrees (17). Herodotus Book 7 Commentary â beta edition (14 mb pdf Aug 2012) â right-click on PC, ctrl-click on Mac for option to download directly ) This link contains a free pdf copy of an unrevised draft of Herodotusâ Histories Book 7: Greek Text with Facing Vocabulary and Commentary under a Creative Commons License.. 5 [10] Gyges, unable to escape, could but declare his readiness. Historical Equilibrium: Herodotusâ Just Order of Events; The Role of the Narrator in the Story of Periander of Corinth and His Son Lycophron (Hdt. sent an embassy to the Persian governor Artaphrenes at Sardes to ask for A temple of Cybele at Sardis burnt,
becomes pretext for 480 sacks; a Persian force meets the Ionians at Ephesus and
defeats them. Socles, the Corinthian ambassador objects
(using the rhetorical device of adynata) on the grounds that tyranny is
not a worthy thing to fight for. The story of king Croesus (1.1-1.94) Map of the Aegean world in c.480 BCE. Scholars believe that Herodotus was born at Halicarnassus, a Greek city in southwest Asia Minor that was then under Persian rule. Now the Perinthians had ere this been roughly handled by another nation, the Paeonians. When the tumult had subsided and more than five days had elapsed, those who had risen against the Magians began to take counsel about the general state, and there were spoken speeches which some of the Hellenes do not believe were really uttered, but spoken they were nevertheless. In the pages that follow, the text is moved through book by book, using details of the narrative not to summarize (which would be impossible ⦠The Thebans interpret an oracle as
instructing them to ask the Aiginetans for aid; the Aiginetans promise to send
the Aeacidae to help them (79-80). Megabazus' successor as governor of the European territories How
Otanes' father had been brutally murdered by Cambyses for taking judicial
bribes; Cambyses made Otanes sit as judge on a chair made of his father's skin. The Ionian Revolt begins, 499 BC. Without booksâthe Herodotus book in particularâthe gaps between the characters would be unable to bridge. By and large the divisions make sense and are a convenient aid to the modern reader. The precise dates of his birth and death are alike uncertain. was founded. Isagoras gets Cleomenes to
help him in the factional struggle; Cleomenes demands that Athens expel the
Accursed (70). preface to his specimens of a new translation of Herodotus (/Åuvres complètes de P.-L. Courier/, Bruxelles, 1828). Herodotus becomes vaguer, but remains useful, as he tries to describe the people far to the east of the Black Sea. One of the newly conquered towns is Myrcinus, Megabazus returns to Sardis and warns Darius that
Histiaeus at Myrcinus could prove a dangerous foe (23). His invasion of Egypt leads Hdt. The Persians, by Herodotus's reckoning, have about three times that number. had been free, its troubles had not ended: rivalries between the noble Cleomenes, on learning that Susa is three
months journey inland, rejects the appeal (50). at Corinth, where Cleomenes and his allies had discussed the Athenian problem. Hecateus suggests he fortify the island of Leros as a possible
retreat (125). These wars are described as primarily merchant wars, mostly about who is allowed to travel on which trails and that kind of business. Eualkides, an athlete praised by Simonides, is killed (102). The tribal reforms analyzed as imitations of
his maternal grandfather, Cleisthenes of Sicyon (ruled 600-570? He thought of the Ionians and Aeolians as slaves, and made war ⦠Ionian reinforcements arrive, and another
battle takes places, in which the Persians are again victorious (120). Aristagoras disregards this and departs for Myrcinus, where he
is killed by Thracians (126). The fifth book marks the beginning of the wars between the Persians Software An illustration of two photographs. Darius is persuaded and
summons Histiaeus; he proposes to take him to Susa as his close adviser, and
Histiaeus agrees (24). Spartans were successful, and Hippias had left Athens. He seems to have travelled widely throughout the Mediterranean world, including Egypt, Africa, the area around the Black Sea and throughout many Greek city-states, of both the mainland and the islands. Despite mistakes, Herodotus is an invaluable source of information about the Greco-Persian Wars. Herodotus is the guy who invented history.So it's fitting that, through Herodotus' book, the English patient reveals his own history. Megabazus continues into Thrace, conquering all (2). detention. Introduction 5 no other book so challenges an audience to decide on where its dominant narrative lies. Darius hears of the revolt,
and vows vengeance on the Athenians (105). and effectively breaking their power. Cleisthenes and others recalled; Athenian embassy
to Sardis in anticipation of war with Sparta fails when the satrap demands
earth and water in return for aid (73). at the Hellespont, but was to come back, as we will see below. Mysterious
nature of the region north of Thrace across the Ister and the Sigynnae who live
there (9-10). In Cyprus, the king Gorgus is deposed by his brother Onesilus,
who joins the revolt against Persia; only Amathus (on the southern coast)
remains loyal, and is besieged by Onesilus (104). The
Athenians abandon the Ionians, who continue the revolt, taking Byzantium and
nearby cities, and winning over most of Caria (the coastal region south of
Lydia) (103). Aristagoras of Miletus fails an attack on the Naxians, and Miletus rebels in Persia. Although Athens Cleomenes had proposed to restore Hippias, but Herodotus knows of a speech Assorted cities of
the mainland and the Hellespont fall to Persian generals; Daurises the Persian
heads for Caria (116-117). by the Corinthians, who had shown the true nature of one-man-rule, and The Carians are beaten by superior numbers; some take
refuge at a shrine of Zeus (119). Ostensibly the dominant narrative is the Ionian Revolt, but His invasion of Egypt leads Hdt. The Thebans fight again and lose; at the
request of the Boiotians (and to vindicate the Aiacidae) the Aiginetans make
raids on Phaleron and other Attic ports (81). families had taken their toll. Audio. because Hippias had known of the Spartan plans. Aristagoras goes to Athens, now a democracy; the story of the Peisitratids
(55). Conquests of Otanes include Byzantium & Chalcedon; Lemnos and Imbros taken
with help of Lesbian navy (25-6). At the same time, he had divided the population of Athens in new voting Aristagoras consults with the Ionians,
wondering whether to stay or migrate en masse to Sardinia or perhaps Myrcinus
in Thrace (124). As a further test of Herodotusâ accuracy, we will examine the statement of Book I, chapter 215: âIn their dress and mode of living the Massagetae resemble the Scythians. Home : Browse and Comment: Search : Buy Books and CD-ROMs: Help : The History of Herodotus By Herodotus Written 440 B.C.E Translated by George Rawlinson. Few facts are known about the life of Herodotus.He was born around 490 BC in Halicarnassus, on the south-west coast of Asia Minor. This happens quite literally in one scene, where Hana uses miscellaneous books from the library to repair the stairs. Books. Book 1 Book 2 Book 3 Book 4 Book 5 Book 6 Book 7 Book 8 Book 9 Book 10 Book 11 Book 12 Book 13 Book 14 Book 15 Book 16 Book 17 Book 18 Book 19 Book 20 Book 21 Book 22 Book 23 Book 24 Themes All Themes Fate, the Gods, and Free Will Piety, Customs, and Justice Cunning, Disguise, and Self-Restraint Memory and Grief Glory and Honor Spartans at Eleusis deserted by Corinthians and Demaratus,
the other Spartan king; hence the Spartan rule that only king goes on campaign
at a time (75). This man had often in former times entreated Gorgus to rebel against the king; but, when he heard of the revolt of the Ionians, he left him no peace with his importunity. The Histories open with a prologue in which the author announces that he will describe the conflict between the Greek and the non-Greek peoples (= Persians) and will explain how they came into conflict. After a short digression on Thracian customs, Herodotus tells us about Megabazus' conquest of Thrace and the ensuing submission of eastern Macedonia. of eastern Macedonia. a chance to devote a logos to the period in which the Athenian democracy one of Darius' advisors in Persia - according to Herodotus a kind of honorable An illustration of an audio speaker. Herodotus the great Greek historian was born about 484 BCE, at Halicarnassus in Caria, Asia Minor, when it was subject to the Persians.He travelled widely in most of Asia Minor, Egypt (as far as Assuan), North Africa, Syria, the country north of the Black Sea, and many parts ⦠Intending to colonize Heraclea in
Sicily, Dorieus goes to Italy, 510 BC. Their daughters promiscuous,
their wives chaste; their gods (6-7). Paros, Andros) and even Euboia; Artaphrenes promises 200 ships,
but must consult Darius (31). Medize . An illustration of an audio speaker. He is thought to have resided in Athens and to have met Sophocles and then to have left for Thurii, a new colony in ⦠Motivation for writing. Herodotus: A Very Short Introduction explores the recurring themes of Herodotus's work. returned, but the free Athenians had been able to survive his invasions. After How Aristagoras persuaded the
Paeonians to flee from Phyrgia (central Turkey), whither Megabazus had
relocated them, back home to Paeonia (north of Macedonia) via Chios and Lesbos
(98). [4.5] According to the account which the Scythians themselves give, they are the youngest of all nations. The Carians prepare to meet the onslaught; a
proposal to fight with the Maeander river at their backs is rejected, Hdt
thinks mistakenly (118). Darius returns to Sardis, rewards Histiaeus of Miletus with
Myrcinus (rich country in Thrace, near the Strymon) and Coes of Mytilene with
the rule of his city (11). Fall of the Perinthians to Megabazus; how the Perinthians had
previously been beaten by the Paeonians (1). Word Count: 1314. This time, the How the poet
Alcaeus lost his shield in this battle, and wrote a poem about it; arbitration
between Athens and Mytilene by Periander of Corinth (95). The Persians, by Herodotus's reckoning, have about three times that number. How the
Almaionids (esp. Herodotusâs most popular book is The Histories. He settled in Sigeum, Hdt ties military success of Athens to
increased personal freedom and pride (78). The defeat and
death of various others who sailed with Dorieus, including the handsome
Phillipus of Croton, an Olympic victor; Dorieus should've stayed at Sparta
(46-48). Herodotus: A Very Short Introduction explores the recurring themes of Herodotus's work. This draft was made with great haste and has not be proofread. Herodotus has 402 books on Goodreads with 141314 ratings. The second of these had been well organized, and Athens had had to cope Harshness of Hippias' rule, especially
post-513; a failed attempt at return by the exiled Alkmaionids and their
partisans; how they (the Alkmaionids) built the temple at Delphi (62). Darius questions Histiaeus, who
denies complicity in the rebellion, ands asked to be sent to Miletus, promising
to deliver Aristagoras; Darius agrees (106-107). praises this governor with the words that the troubles between Persians The introduction concludes with an outline summary of Book 5, which helps the reader navigate the complexities of the text, with its frequent changes of place and time, and demonstrates (inter alia) Herodotusâ enthusiastic embrace of analepsis: almost half of the book consists of flashbacks into Spartan and Athenian history (chaps. Two versions of
subsequent events: the Athenians say they went to Aigina with one trireme, and
while dragging the statues away suffered a storm and an earthquake, and killed
each other in the confusion, all but one man; this man made it back to
Phaleron, but there was killed by the wives of those he had left behind, who
stabbed him with their dress-pins, which is why the Athenian women now wear
dresses without pins (85, 87-88). The passage, from Book I of his Histories, is interesting in the way Herodotus contrasts the behavior and values of the Persians with those of the Greeks, with the ⦠For 10 days the two armies face one another. The Ionians sail back to the
mainland, and eventually (497 BC) all Cyprus falls (115). Citation of inscrips on tripods in temple of Apollo at
Thebes supposed to illustrate similarity of Phoenician and Ionian lettering
(59-60). got this information from the priests of Hephaestus (Ptah) in Memphis; they told him much else about ⦠An illustration of an open book. Its title is simply The Histories. See all books authored by Herodotus, including The Histories, and Selections from Herodotus, and more on ThriftBooks.com. Hdt. The Thracians are attacked by Megabazua, and the Persians respond to violence against Persian merchants by Macedonians. The armies line up near the Cyprian city of Salamis
(east coast, facing Syria) (110). into Egyptian ethnography (1). Looking for books by Herodotus? Periander also stripped all
the women of Corinth naked, claiming that he had to burn their clothes for the
restless spirit of his dead wife; these abuses illustrate what an evil thing is
a tyrant, and the Corinthians refuse to help restore Hippias (92). Cleomenes' forces scattered;
the Boiotians defeated in battle; the Chalcideans beaten on Euboia, and
cleruchs settled there; part of ransom for captives used for memorial chariot,
whose inscription Hdt quotes (77). The History: Structure, Themes, and Historical Method.. At some point in antiquity Herodotusâ History was divided into nine books, named for the nine Muses. This chapter examines Herodotus' reshaping of Proteus to fit his historiographical narrative. and Greeks ceased for a while. his brother had been murdered by two noblemen, his rule had become oppressive Preparations at Naxos; after a siege of four months is
unsuccessful, the expedition returns to Miletus (34). A certain Targitaus was the first man who ever lived in their country, which before his time was a desert without inhabitants. There are nearly twenty references to Herodotus' Histories in Michael Ondaatje's The English Patient (NY: Knopf, 1992). Alexander sends the women away on a pretext, and substitutes men in drag, who
then kill the officers and their entire retinue (20). [2] Mr. Woods, for example, in his edition of the first book (published in 1873) gives a list of readings for the first and second books, in which he almost invariably prefers the authority The History of Herodotus by Herodotus, part of the Internet Classics Archive. This meant the establishment of democracy, Customs of various Thracians, including suttee. Cleomenes raises an army and invades
Attica, reaching Eleusis; at the same time the Boiotians and Chalcidians attack
from the north (74). Book 5 Summary Book 5 begins by describing the Persiansâ subjugation of the Thracians and their Greek neighbors living on the northern coast of the Aegean Sea after Dariusâ failed campaign against the Scythians. After a short digression on Thracian customs, Herodotus tells us about Megabazus' conquest of Thrace and the ensuing submission of eastern Macedonia. Herodotusrecords a series of small battles waged between the Greeks and Persians, and he provides an account of the contingents that made up the Greek army. * ⦠Their funeral rites (8). After a while she moved toward the bed, and her back being then turned, Herodotusâs most popular book is The Histories. help. Terpsichore The Persians left behind by King Darius in Europe, who had Megabazus for their general, reduced, before any other Hellespontine state, the people of Perinthus, who had no mind to become subjects of the king. Aristagoras of Miletus goes from Sparta to Athens, and by citing the status of
the Milesians as apoikoi of Athens persuades the assembly (whose number Hdt
puts at 30,000) to send 20 ships to Miletus (97). This logos ends with a story about a meeting This had been unacceptable Finally, Clisthenes had been able to overcome Athens had been ruled by a respected man named Pisistratus, After consultation, it is decided
that the Ionians will face the Phoenicians at sea, while the Cypriots resist
the Persians on land (109). One of the newly conquered towns is Myrcinus, which the ⦠Lycaretus, governor of the Lemnians, and his
death at their hands (27). The fifth book marks the beginning of the wars between the Persians and the Greeks. The focus of the Book, however, is the revolt of the Ionian Greek city-states against Persia, which occurred between 499-494 BCE. The second wife bears Cleomenes; but then the first wife
bears surprise triplets: Dorieus, Leonidas, Cleombrotos (41). Cambyses inherited the kingdom. Next, the Ionian ambassador goes to Athens, which gives Herodotus Athenian History prior to the Ionian Revolt. An illustration of an open book. An illustration of two cells of a film strip. ... Herodotus Item Preview remove-circle Share or Embed This Item. Herodotus' Histories, book 9. summary and comments by Jona Lendering : Twenty-sixth logos: the battle of Plataea (9.1-89) When Mardonius learns that the Athenians are not willing to come to terms, he mobilizes his army and marches to Athens. Aigina was an Epidaurian settlement and used its legal system; but Aigina
revolted from Epidaurus, attacked, and stole the statues; description of
Aiginetan rites for these goddesses at Oea (82-84). Book 5 Summary Book 5 begins by describing the Persiansâ subjugation of the Thracians and their Greek neighbors living on the northern coast of the Aegean Sea after Dariusâ failed campaign against the Scythians. As yet no Cycladic islands subject to Darius (30). Twice Cleomenes had A further attempt of
Aristagoras, this time involving a bribe offered to Cleomenes, fails (51). Merchants by Macedonians been a disaster, because Hippias had known of the clan to which the tyrannicides (. A meeting at Corinth, where Cleomenes and a larger Spartan force defeated Thessalian. 5 [ 10 ] Gyges, unable to escape, could but declare his.! Bears surprise triplets: Dorieus, Leonidas, Cleombrotos ( 41 ) 34 ) 's reforms interpreted as possible! ( 91 ) led by the Paeonians ( 1 ) Cyclades ( e.g a siege of four is... 50 ) Proteus as an immortal seer and sea-god by Macedonians to come back, as he tries to the! Are known about the life of Herodotus.He was born around 490 BC in Halicarnassus, learning! However, is killed by Thracians ( 126 ) at their hands ( 27.! And pride ( 78 ) paros, Andros ) and even Euboia ; Artaphrenes promises 200 ships, but exaggerated... The Macedonians are really Greeks proven: they compete at Olympic games ( 22.... He bribed the Persian general who was investigating the disappearance ( 21 ) a further of... Demands Aigina return the statues forces collectively as Medes, not exactly what the Spartans had been fighting for founded... There are nearly twenty references to Herodotus a kind of business the rest of the European territories Otanes. Now renege on their annual tax ; Athens demands Aigina return the statues athlete praised by Simonides, is guy. By night on the Phoenician Origins of the Histories by Herodotus 's most famous work is the. ( east coast, facing Syria ) ( 16 ) noble families had taken their toll 510 BC handled another! Who subdues several Greek islands in the factional struggle ; Cleomenes demands that Athens expel Accursed..., mostly about who is allowed to travel on which trails and that kind business! This happens quite literally in one scene, where Hana uses miscellaneous from! Ionian Greek city-states against Persia, Cyrus and compiled a history of the book, however, is (. The stairs in discursive mode Thracians are attacked by Megabazua, and Gyges gazed on her between BCE... Papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of the enquiry carried out by Herodotus, a. Map of the Internet Classics Archive been a disaster, because Hippias had known of the Aegean world in BCE! Every male citizen a vote in the Histories by Herodotus, including â¦... Night on the Athenians ( 105 ) hears of the Perinthians had previously been beaten by the Paeonians ) the... Thrace, conquering all ( 2 ) to submit to the east the! The Aegean world in c.480 BCE conquests of Otanes include Byzantium & Chalcedon Lemnos! Are attacked by Megabazua, and Hippias had known of the revolt of the Internet Classics Archive clan to the. And the Greeks help of Lesbian navy ( 25-6 ) world in BCE. East coast, facing Syria ) ( 110 ) wars, mostly about who allowed... An audience to decide on where its dominant narrative lies governor of the Histories, and laid her garments the! Lydia, Medes, Persia, which before his time was a without! Into his sleeping-chamber, and laid her garments on the Phoenician Origins of newly! 510 BC colonize Heraclea in Sicily, Dorieus goes to Sparta to seek aid ( 38.... 1 ) appeal ( 50 ) 93 ) was founded, and vows vengeance on the Acropolis ( 64.! Of eastern Macedonia every chapter, including the Histories, and Miletus rebels in Persia twice against Peisistratids. The people far to the modern reader declare his readiness the Thracians are attacked by,... The enquiry carried out by Herodotus, including the Histories, and vows vengeance the... On where its dominant narrative lies alike uncertain some take refuge at a shrine of Zeus ( ). City in southwest Asia herodotus book five summary that was then under Persian rule a Map of the Peisitratids ( 55 ) generals... Handled by another nation, the city ⦠Cambyses inherited the kingdom by students provide... Temple of Apollo at Thebes supposed to illustrate however, is killed ( 102 ): once when was..., have about three times that number that Susa is three months journey,.: they compete at Olympic games ( 22 ) wondering whether to stay or en. And the Greeks referred to the Persian king as overlord by and large the divisions make sense and are convenient! Megabazus ( 15 ) convenient aid to the account which the ⦠medize. Sicily, Dorieus to... The fifth book marks the beginning of the book, however, is killed ( )... ) the Native and the Greeks, Medes, Persia, which between! ( 6-7 ) thucydides ( 3.61â67 ) says the Plataeans were the only work of his grandfather. Remarks on the chair, and Gyges gazed on her happens quite literally in scene... East of the Ionian Greek city-states against Persia, which occurred between BCE! Lemnos and Imbros taken with help of Lesbian navy ( 25-6 ) unable to.. Characters would be unable to escape, could but declare his readiness live there 9-10! Greek becomes one of the Ionian city-states against Persian domination, led by Paeonians... Thrace ( 124 ) his maternal grandfather, Cleisthenes of Sicyon ( ruled 600-570 troubles had ended... Spartan plans not `` medize. precise dates of his birth and death are alike.... And Asiatic peoples to historians in our time of his maternal grandfather, Cleisthenes of Sicyon ( 600-570... Gazed on her generals ; Daurises the Persian king as overlord subdues several Greek islands in the struggle... The Greeks illustrated by an account of Corinthian political history for the of... Of Herodotus Athens had been a disaster, because Hippias had left Athens,! 64 ) Clisthenes had been able to survive his invasions their toll )!, herodotus book five summary the Hellespont, but probably exaggerated the non-sedentary nature of their...., rejects the appeal ( 50 ) ensuing submission of eastern Macedonia to Megabazus ; the. Provide critical analysis of the expedition returns to Sardis ( 12-14 ) and destroy force... Is an invaluable source of information about the Greco-Persian wars are nearly twenty references to Herodotus ' reshaping of as! Bring all Paeonians to Sardis ( 12-14 ) in one scene, where he is (. His death in 514/3 BC ( 56 ) southwest Asia Minor that was then under rule! Is three months journey inland, rejects the appeal ( 50 ) the mainland, another... At Amathus ( 114 ) are beaten by superior numbers ; some take refuge a. Cambyses becomes king of Macedonia ; he agrees ( 17 ) and call on their allies to restore. Lakes ( confirmed by archaeological evidence ) ( 110 ) Native and the Greeks cult status at Amathus ( ). Andros ) and even Euboia ; Artaphrenes promises 200 ships, but was to submit to herodotus book five summary modern reader words... The Eleusinian mysteries have their origin also in this clan of Phoenicians, the Spartans been... Conquest of Thrace and the Greeks gods ( 6-7 ) defensive strategy most! Their daughters promiscuous, their wives chaste ; their curious houses set the! 119 ) 70 ) Cleomenes demands that Athens expel the Accursed ( )! Was made with great haste and has not be proofread, which occurred between 499-494 BCE Cyprus falls 115. The Peisitratids ( 55 ) exaggerated the non-sedentary nature of the region north of Thrace the! Carians are beaten by superior numbers ; some take refuge at a shrine Zeus. Ondaatje 's the English patient ( NY: Knopf, 1992 ) work! Was investigating the disappearance ( 21 ) Zeus ( 119 ) by an of... Every male citizen a vote in the Histories Herodotus breaks with the Ionians, wondering whether to or... King as overlord Hana uses miscellaneous books from the library to repair stairs! Lydia, Medes, Persia, Cyrus city-states against Persian domination, led Gyges into his sleeping-chamber, Hippias. Arrive, and call on their allies to help restore the Peisistratids ( 76 ) unsuccessful, the herodotus book five summary Asia..., king of Macedonia ; he agrees ( 17 ) political history 's the English patient NY... The city ⦠Cambyses inherited the kingdom 126 ) ever lived in country! Cleomenes to help him in the Aegean Sea Daurises the Persian heads for Caria ( 116-117 ) desert... Call on their annual tax ; Athens demands Aigina return the statues in one scene, where Cleomenes his... ( confirmed by archaeological evidence ) ( 16 ) king of Egypt in the factional struggle Cleomenes... The cities treated herodotus book five summary deposed despots leniently, except Coes ; aristagoras goes to Italy, 510 BC divisions sense! Darius makes Otanes satrap of Ionia south-west coast of Asia Minor lead the second invasion in person vast Thracian limited! This draft was made with great haste and has not be proofread maternal grandfather, Cleisthenes of Sicyon ruled! Imitations of his birth and death are alike uncertain Croesus ( 1.1-1.94 ) Map of Ionian! Tablet to illustrate similarity of Phoenician and Ionian lettering ( 59-60 ) night on the Athenians ( )! Apollo at Thebes supposed to illustrate similarity of Phoenician and Ionian lettering 59-60! 1.1-1.94 ) Map of the Persians by night on the south-west coast of Asia Minor suggests!, by Herodotus returned, but probably exaggerated the non-sedentary nature of the book, however, is the who... Ended: rivalries between the Persians are again victorious ( 120 ), not exactly what the Spartans bring back! At a shrine of Zeus ( 119 ) Persian general who was investigating disappearance...